LLNL researchers have designed and produced, both conductive and non-conductive porous electrode components manufactured for improved metal deposition, discharging, and fluid dynamics in hybrid flow batteries. This is achieved through Direct Ink Writing (DIW) additive manufacturing. The engineered 3D electrodes enable uniform current distribution and even metal deposition during charging…
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![Electrochemical CO2 conversion to valuable fuels and chemicals](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2024-03/Electrochemical%20CO2%20conversion%20to%20valuable%20fuels%20and%20chemicals1.png?itok=G20rQOcY)
LLNL’s researchers use physical vapor deposition (sputter deposition or electron beam deposition) to coat an inert gasket material (i.e. PTFE) with a conductive metal (i.e. copper). The gas diffusion electrode overlaps onto the copper coated gasket to allow for electrical conductivity between the catalyst surface and the flow field/current collector of a CO2 electrolyzer. The coated gasket…
![SEM image of nanoporous Cu catalyst material](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2024-02/SEM_nanoporous_Cu_catalyst.png?itok=xqwrkv1f)
Using their computational design optimization, LLNL researchers have developed copper-based dilute alloy catalysts (contains <10 at.% of the minority metal alloy component) and demonstrated these novel catalysts have improved energy efficiency and selectivity of the methane conversion reaction. By alloying copper with a small amount of the electropositive minority metal element, the…
![Graphite](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2023-09/graphite.jpg?itok=2CQBn1ca)
LLNL’s innovation offers an alternate synthetic route to graphite at lower cost using a molten salt mixture of CaCl2-CaCO3-CaO. The synthetic production of graphite and other high-value carbon materials is accomplished in molten salt media via electrochemical reduction and transformation of the carbon from the carbonate ion. The broad electrochemical window of molten salts enables the…
![Electrodeposition of Zn onto 3D printed copper nanowire (CuNW)](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2023-07/ElectrodepositionofZnon3dprintedCuNW.jpg?itok=2G2D1kt9)
Improving the active material of the Zn anode is critical to improving the practicality of Zn-MnO2 battery technology. LLNL researchers have developed a new category of 3D structured Zn anode using a direct-ink writing (DIW) printing process to create innovative hierarchical architectures. The DIW ink, which is a gel-based mixture composed of zinc metal powder and organic binders, is extruded…
![Projection Microstereolithographic Additively Manufactured Anion Exchange Membrane](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2023-05/PuSL%20AEM.png?itok=kMLx_xAK)
The novel LLNL approach is to use projection microstereolithography (LAPµSL), starting with a photocurable methacrylate resin formulation consisting of a combination of a photoinitiator, photoabsorber, inhibitor, solvents, and other additives. Prior to use, the resin is pretreated to control viscosity for easier handling. The resin is fed to a LAPµSL printer which employs a near UV light…
![SEM image showing internal porosity of DIW printed parts](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2023-05/internal%20porosity%20of%20DIW%20printed%20parts%20sq.png?itok=_QsLKjM7)
The inventors have developed a 3% Yttria partially-stabilized Zirconia (3YZ) ceramic ink that produces parts with both nano and microporosity and is compatible with two AM techniques: DIW and projection microstereolithography (PμSL). The 3YZ nano-porous ceramic printed parts had engineered macro cavities measuring several millimeters in length, wall thicknesses ranging from 200 to 540 μm, and…
![Microcapsules offer high surface area and a superior delivery system.](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2020-11/Figure1IDEA.jpg?itok=9pdFUISw)
This invention describes a multiple nozzle microfluidic unit that allows simultaneous generation streams of multiple layered coaxial liquid jets. Liquids are pumped into the device at a combined flow rate from 100 mL/hr to 10 L/hr. Droplets are created with diameters in the range of 1 µm to 5 mm and can be created with 1-2 shell layers encapsulating fluid. Droplets created from the system can…
![Sequoia computer panels off](/sites/default/files/styles/scale_exact_400x400_/public/2022-06/Sequoia%20HPC.jpg?itok=sHb2NE1F)
LLNL has developed a new active memory data reorganization engine. In the simplest case, data can be reorganized within the memory system to present a new view of the data. The new view may be a subset or a rearrangement of the original data. As an example, an array of structures might be more efficiently accessed by a CPU as a structure of arrays. Active memory can assemble an alternative…